Measurement of Internal Consistency Software

Summer of Love Essay Example

Summer of Love Essay The Summer of Love The 1960s was a time of political and social change. The counterculture, which was what the decade was called, got frustrated with all the limitations and shows of the straight society. The Summer of Love didn't happen until 1967, however the decade was roused by the Bohemian soul which was at that point present during the 1950s; known as the Beat age. The counterculture increased critical impact in liberal urban communities, for example, Berkley and San Francisco. In 1967, Scott McKenzie discharged his tune San Francisco and with this tune came bits of gossip about an immense love in the mid year. This is the thing that powered the Summer of Love. Pioneers of the counterculture in the Haight-Ashbury area were on edge to begin arranging an occasion that would fit in with the Summer of Love publicity. Their expectation was that artists and different craftsmen would just normally head out over to the Haight-Ashbury. The Summer of Love would not have been the equivalent without the utilization of LSD and weed, free love, and the all acclaimed awesome music. Medications appeared to be the lifestyle for the hipsters; they were utilizing a wide range of medications consistently however the two medications that were most connected with the Summer of Love were LSD and Marijuana. We will compose a custom exposition test on Summer of Love explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now We will compose a custom paper test on Summer of Love explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer We will compose a custom exposition test on Summer of Love explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer To the flower children they utilized the term â€Å"dope† rather than â€Å"drugs† in light of the fact that nitwit was acceptable; yet sedates included both great and terrible substances. Mill operator expressed, â€Å"Substances that were seen as growing cognizance were acceptable; things which made the client stupid were bad† (Miller 2). Another medication that was utilized in the Summer of Love was cannabis. It was not as gigantic as LSD, yet it was as yet utilized consistently. Maryjane was first presented in America during the Jazz Age and got one of the focal installations of the 1960s counterculture. Baugess composed, â€Å"It was natural for the jazz music scene; numerous artists utilized maryjane for its apparent capacity to support inventiveness and as an approach to discover help from racial oppression† (Baugess 400). It became well known among the blacks and was utilized to fundamentally support your inventiveness. It later turned out to be exceptionally well known to the hippies, in which they would later change the importance of the medication, an approach to develop scholarly understanding and used to oppose the general public. The hipsters would utilize it for the pleasurable reactions, yet in addition to recuperate the body and soul. Smoking cannabis was a demonstration of insubordination to rigid Americans. It was known to grow the brain, much the same as LSD did. In addition to the fact that hippies used the medication, yet it was likewise devoured by the political radicals and Vietnam officers. Pot was developed in bounty in Vietnam and provided warriors with a mass of help from the experience of war. Cannabis left an enormous effect on the counterculture; it had an association with music, performers like Bob Dylan, Bob Marley, and others would compose tunes that mirrored its centrality. The fundamental medication that would be known all through the Summer of Love and generally conspicuous to the decade would be LSD. This would later be referred to in the city as â€Å"acid† which was a stimulating medication ready to actuate changed mental states in its clients. LSD was made in a Swiss pharmaceutical research center during the 1930s and found in 1938 by Swiss physicist, Albert Hoffman. In the prior decades, it was utilized as a treatment medication and liquor compulsion. Mill operator composed, â€Å"Also exposed War battles with the Soviet Union (the Central Intelligence Agency observed early LSD investigate intently, considering the to be as a potential instrument for secret activities or maybe for debilitating an enormous adversary population)† (Miller 4). On April 19, 1943, Albert Hoffman integrated another cluster of LSD-25 and made a form that would have the option to break down in water and had lovely mental trips. Afterward, he had ideal review of the pipedreams saying that his psyche was cognizant all through the investigation. It was made for three principle purposes; it was fun, progressive, and useful for the body and soul. Mill operator expressed, The conviction of the hipster was â€Å"If it feels better, at that point do it inasmuch as it doesn’t hurt anybody else† (Miller 5). In addition to the fact that it was fun it prompted the nonconformists contending, that it was the ideal opportunity for a social upset, which made it progressive in light of the fact that in addition to the fact that they argued it would influence the bigger society. The hipsters needed to figure out how to endure their degenerate practices. As a West Coast hip creator finished up in 1969, â€Å"The government is directly in its remain on drugs. They are a clear danger to society†¦Drugs†¦must be heartlessly smothered in case the individuals feel too good† (Miller 5). With such an excess of being said LSD was likewise an apparatus that was useful for the body and soul which would give recuperating and knowledge. In 1960, Timothy Leary, a Harvard brain science educator, attempted LSD and before long would turn out to be so enthused by its potential that he lost his employment. Timothy Leary portrayed his first excursion as the â€Å"most breaking experience of my life,† for it â€Å"flipped my awareness into a move of vitality, where nothing existed aside from the humming vibrations and each fanciful structure was just an alternate frequency† (Anderson 259). By 1966, he turned into a colossal star who might encourage youthful grown-ups to take LSD to extend their brains. They acknowledged his recommendation and the flower children clung into Leary’s express, â€Å"turn on, tune in, and drop out. † The expression is separated into three straightforward sections; â€Å"Turn on† intended to go inside yourself. â€Å"Tune in† intended to associate in like manner with your general surroundings. â€Å"Drop out† implied self-assurance and a revelation of ones variation from the norm. Ken Kesey learned at the University of Oregon and afterward would select into an alumni experimental writing program at Stanford University in 1959, which would start his enthusiasm for the San Francisco counterculture. As Ken Kesey would work night shifts at the emergency clinic he approached the medications and would perform controlled analyses on himself. LSD was just accessible through pharmaceutical organization, Sandoz in New York. Sinclair composed, â€Å"Using his hand crafted research center in Berkley; an understudy named Augustus Owsley Stanley III fabricated what he professed to be sufficient LSD for a million and half doses† (Sinclair 200). They turned out to be broadly known and before long tumbled to Leary. Owsley would before long become the Pranksters’ physicist, providing the dynamic fixing fro Kesey’s sorted out occasions called analyses. These basic analyses before long became publicized occasions in open lobbies. In January 1966, 2,000 individuals went to one at San Francisco’s Fillmore Auditorium and the Warlocks (presently the Grateful Dead), gave the music and Kesey wired the spot with speakers, cameras, and TV screens for them to replay. Leary would get one of the most celebrated countercultural figures in this time alongside Ken Kesey. LSD was an enormous piece of the profound and music scene of the Summer of Love. There was one church which was Tim Leary’s League for Spiritual Discovery; he needed to keep his religion unadulterated and reserved from social structures. He portrayed it as avoiding the law, â€Å"We’re not a religion in the feeling of the Methodist Church looking for followers. We’re a religion in the essential primitive feeling of a clan living respectively and based on shared otherworldly goals† (Miller 8). Many accepted that it talked about as a holy observance, as Miller expressed, â€Å"A holy observance is a contract among man and God and furthermore any custom that corporately becomes out of that pledge to communicate it all the more completely. It tends to be bread and wine, peyote or mushrooms, cup of tea, LSD, the tobacco utilized in the consecrated funnel whatever is placed into the body to associate the world outside with the world within† (Miller 11). This was regular a feeling. Not exclusively was LSD for singular encounters yet it was additionally for strict networks. For instance, William C. Shepherd watched LSD just like a â€Å"sense of social ‘belongingness’† (Miller 13). Which it gave another premise to bunch closeness, and kept up and further the closeness. Some accepted there were terrible impacts of LSD on the individuals. The awful impacts that LSD had on Summer of Love is that individuals would drink without knowing information on the synthetic, yet Kesey said he never dosed anybody without their notification. Another was it was utilized as a methods for social control. The ones that cherished dope adored its clairvoyant staff of life and the not many that didn't were not persuasive by any stretch of the imagination. Sex was utilized for the physical delight saying free individuals ought to have the option to communicate their sexuality however they see fit. As expressed by Miller, â€Å"Sex was enjoyable. Sex was solid. Furthermore, this hip way to deal with sex upset perspectives and practices in the country as a whole† (Miller 25). There were some who considered freed to be as having a bigger importance significance as sacrosanct sex. Some felt that sex was best inside a setting of adoration and worry for the accomplice. So for another sexual ethic, some ready total opportunity implying that sex out of affection could be better then easygoing sex. Dope and sex went connected at the hip in light of the fact that as expressed before dope was acceptable on the grounds that it improved your sexual experience. Dope would assist individuals with extending their sexual skylines. As Miller expressed, â€Å"Timothy Leary summarized the idiot/sex association: the key vitality in our upheaval is erotic†¦The sexual unrest isn't simply part of the air of opportunity that is creating with the kids†¦and focal issu

How Expensive Should Your Wedding Be

How Expensive Should Your Wedding Be How Expensive Should Your Wedding Be? How Expensive Should Your Wedding Be?How much you spend on your wedding is ultimately up to you and your spouseâ€"and it all depends on what you two think is important.Getting married is supposed to be a day full of nothing but joy, but many married couples will tell you that their happiness at being wed was accompanied by a great deal of stress. And while some of those stresses fall outside the purview of this humble personal finance blogâ€"like, say, 30 years of family drama coming to a head during the appetizers courseâ€"the financial stress of getting married is one that we’re happy to comment on.While getting hitched is actually fairly cheap, throwing a wedding is often quite expensive. But does it have to be? The short answer is no. The longer answer: It doesn’t have to be, and you shouldn’t feel the pressure to have an expensive wedding “just because.” While you don’t need to skip a wedding altogether and elope to avoid paying a lot of money for your special day, i t helps to have some guidelines in place to avoid spending too much.So how expensive should your wedding be? It depends. It really does. We reached out to a number of wedding and personal finance experts to get their advice and analysis into the costs of getting hitched, and how you can make sure that the price tag for your ceremony matches both your financial means and your overall priorities.What does your wedding need to be?Katherine Frost is the owner of Denver-based wedding event planning company  A Frosted Affair (@afrostedaffair),  and she said that clients are often surprised by her usual answer regarding how expensive a wedding should beâ€"because it has very little to do with money.“Weddings are a public event about a private thing, “ said Frost. “Traditionally, they are our societys way of legitimizing a relationship and presenting the couple for the communitys acceptance. So, fundamentally, the couple has to ask themselves how much is that worth to them?”“Ther e is any number of websites that will tell you what the average wedding costs are, but in the history of wedding planning, no one has ever said, “I want an average wedding,” she continued. “More than anything, couples want an event that expresses their personality and makes their guests fall in love with them. A wedding should cost as much as that requires.”“Couples that dont give a hoot about anyone elses thoughts on their choice in partner, can usually have a lovely affair for $3,00 to $10,000 that includes everything that makes a warm, welcoming event.”“For some families, however, the wedding is more than just presenting a couple to the community.” explained Frost. “It is the family reunion, the business or client event, and the opportunity to be the talk of the town. The sky is the limit in these instances. I have planned $250K luxury weddings that were stunning in every aspect and they achieved more for the family than just getting the offspring hitched.”So, how expensive should your wedding be? According to Frost: “As expensive as the couples need for community acceptance and the familys need for a memorable, positive community experience.”What are your wedding priorities?“You can use data about the average costs of weddings only as a benchmark because the average numbers don’t tell the whole story,” said Kevin Begola, owner of  Titanium Buzz (@TitaniumBuzz) mens wedding bands store. In fact, the cost of weddings can vary significantly depending on where couples get married.“Making recommendations on how expensive a wedding should be can be tricky because different couples prioritize different aspects of wedding and spend money differently. Traditional wedding expenses include a lot of items, but each wedding is unique and you don’t have to spend money on traditions that don’t matter to you.”Begola’s general advice simple: “You should customize your budget to fit your needs and ensure that wedding spending aligns with your income, regular expenses, and other financial goals. You don’t want to start your married life together in debt from going out of control with your wedding.”Regardless of your budget, Begola emphasized that you shouldn’t spend money on things that you don’t think are important.“When planning your big day, you can choose three areas that are at the most important to you, focus on them, and let everything else come together afterward,” he said. “If you are on a tight budget, there are some things that may not be worth your money, like favors or paper invitations, so you can skip them. ““Besides, you can lower costs by being flexible about certain factors,” he added. “Weekday weddings for some venues are typically less expensive so you will pay approximately 10 percent to 20 percent less if you decide to have a Thursday night wedding. Renting a venue off-season can save you about 25 percent. Hiring a DJ instead of a full band could probably save you abo ut 50 percent or so.”Are you asking the right questions?Ramsey Preferred Financial Coach Christian Stewart Barnes of  Do Better Financial emphasized that you and your spouse should be realistic when calculating your wedding budget. “Money doesnt just materialize, and credit card bills will come due,” she said. Barnes went on to provide some guidelines to help brides and grooms-to-be identify whats truly important to them:“How long do you want to be engaged? If you are in your early 20s or already living together, waiting a year or two to tie the knot might be an option for you. It will give you, or your family, an opportunity to save more money, become educated on all your options, and take your time working out the details.”“Who will be paying? This might seem straightforward, but money makes people act strangely. Traditionally the brides family pays for the wedding, while the grooms family pays for the rehearsal dinner, but what about engagement parties, bridal showers , or same-sex couples? You both need to discuss how much financial support, if any, each of your families will contribute and talk about payment details. Will they pay for a specific item, like a cake or dress, write you a blank check, or reimburse you on the back end? Having clarity on this issue is essential to creating a wedding budget that will work for you.”“How much are you willing to DIY? Doing things yourself has become more popular with the advent of Instagram and Pinterest, but DIY doesnt equal free. The searching, planning, and execution of these ideas takes time and money. You might spend less money on the item, but lose a few nights and weekends instead.”To illustrate how these considerations work in a practical manner, Barnes shared this example from her own wedding held last October:“We are both in our early 30s and did not want a long engagement. We started planning assuming only our income was available to fund the celebration and figured out how much we cou ld squeeze out of our respective budgets each month. We used this number as our base budget and assigned percentages based on what was important to us, and worked overtime for anything that didnt fit,” she said.“We both work full time, run businesses, as well as volunteer with our church, so DIY projects (outside of planning the event itself) werent something we wanted to shove into an already crowded schedule. I originally wanted to get married in a church and travel to the reception venue, but after looking at pricing we decided a room flip would be more time and cost effective, as well as simplify the logistics.“Pictures and music were also important, so we spent more in those areas than things like flowers and decor, and chose to skip the rehearsal dinner,” Barnes added. “We did have family and friends gift us with things like bustling, dance lessons, and the cake, which allowed us to direct our hard earned dollars toward other things on our nice-to-have list, like add ing a few last minute guests.”If you are able to answer these questions for yourselfâ€"while being realistic about what you can afford and how much you can saveâ€"you should have a wedding that fits well within your budget.Breaking down your typical wedding budget.When you’re building a household budget, it’s good to have an idea of how much money you should be spending on any one category. For instance, it’s a good bet that housing costsâ€"like rent or mortgage paymentsâ€"will take up a much larger portion of your budget than, say, the amount of money you’re spending each month on dining out.The same holds true for weddings. And while some general costs remained fixed, sorting out your own wedding priorities will help you determine how much you should be budgeting for other elements. The more you know what you want, the more accurate your budget will be.“The cost of any wedding always depends on a multitude of factors,” explained Anna Bessonowa, Director of Operations for  Magic Day Luxury Experiences (@magicday). “You can avoid spending too much money for your wedding by sorting your expenses by what’s most important for you.Based on her experience, Bessonowa went on to break down what a typical wedding budget looks like and the most commonly seen distribution of costs:“The most expensive cost item is the venueâ€"at exceptional venues, you sometimes need to pay venue rental prices and, in some cases, extra fees for the space rent for the ceremony. This usually takes around 20 percent of the overall wedding budget,” she began.“Catering is another important item of your budget. You can choose a three or a four-course menu, add cocktail hours, coffee times, or snack barsâ€"everything is calculated according to the number of your guests. The catering also makes about 20 percent of the wedding budget.“Photography and videography are really important chunks of the sum as well. The expenses for these services are usually 10 percent for eac h category, depending on the vendors and their packages.”The other 40 percent of the wedding budget can be distributed among the remaining categories with the largest part usually being allocated to flowers and decorations (eight percent), music and entertainment (eight percent), dress and attire (eight percent),” she continued.Beauty services (makeup, hair, and nails), stationery (invitations, table cards, seating charts), gifts and favors for the guests see around 16 percent allocated to them. You should also add expenses for the guest transfers in case of a destination wedding, and wedding planner services if you decide to plan your big day with a professional.”And finally, Bessowa recommended that  your wedding include some form of emergency fund:“We also recommend leaving some financial resources for the emergency and backup plans (three to five percent of your wedding budget) and to always have a significant amount of cash at easy reach during the wedding day.”Go fo rth and get married.Weddings are meant to special days. The better you understand what would make your wedding extra special for you, your fiance, and your respective loved ones, the more prepared you’ll be to save appropriately, spend wisely, and avoid starting off your marriage under a pile of debt.To learn more about managing money within a relationship, check out these other posts and articles from OppLoans:How Bad Credit Can Affect Your Dating Life12 Tips for Talking About Money With Your Spouse or PartnerHow to Navigate the Financial Side of DatingShould You and Your Spouse Keep Your Finances Separate?Do you have a   personal finance question youd like us to answer? Let us know! You can find us  on  Facebook  and  Twitter.  |  InstagramContributors???????Christian  Stewart  Barnes  is the founder and lead coach of  Do Better Financial. She has a Finance degree from Texas AM University and paid off $32,000 in debt in only 27 months. Her mission is to help people make their dr eams a reality by knowing and doing better through one-on-one coaching and public speaking.Kevin Begola  created  Titanium Buzz (@TitaniumBuzz) from ground zero and is expanding the business further. They’ve worked for more than 10 years to create the men’s wedding bands that help express their clients’ personalities. He also purchased an old historical building that now houses the online offices as well as a mens store called Bridge Street Exchange in Linden, MI.Anna Bessonowa  is the Director of Operations at Magic Day Luxury Experiences  (@magicday) and has worked with Magic Day Events since 2008. She has event planning experience in Germany (private events), Switzerland (accommodation in the hotel industry), Lithuania (business meetings and conferences). Since 2018, Bessonowa has been responsible for finding the perfect venue for all types of weddings in Western and Southern Europe, aiming to offer the couples unique and most beautiful wedding locations.Katherine Frost is a luxury and destination wedding planner in Denver, Colorado who creates unforgettable weddings. Her company,  A Frosted Affair (@afrostedaffair), also works with corporations and non-profits to create events that inspire new levels of employee and donor engagement. When you want a wedding that beautifully conveys the personality of the couple or an event that demonstrates the value of an organization, call A Frosted Affair.

Essay about Information and opinions about Gandhis death

â€Å"The future generations will scarcely believe that such a man in flesh and blood, had tread this earth.† Albert Einstein Mahatma Gandhi’s real name was Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi. He was born in 1869 at Porbandar in the state of Gujarat in INDIA. His father’s name was Karamchand Gandhi and his mother’s name was Putlibai. He was the youngest in the family of one sister and three brothers. His father belonged to the family of grocers but himself was a minister in the court of a local ruler. He was not very educated but his rich experience of practical affairs stood him in good stead in the solution of the most intricate questions. Both the parents were deeply religious and frequently visited temples and took their meals only†¦show more content†¦In London, Gandhi joined The University of London to study law. He passed the London Matriculation at the second attempt. He was unknown of any English Laws. He bought many books and tried to understand them but it was beyond him. At last he sailed back for India on the 12th of June 1891, a day after he was enrolled into the English High Court. While in India, he went to Bombay to study Indian Laws. But even this was difficult for him. Eventually he got a case, but in the court he became so nervous that he left during the case and never went to another one until going to South Africa. Gandhi sailed for South Africa in April 1893 and reached Natal at the close of May. It was in South Africa that Gandhi had a lot of experience in laws, handling cases and many other fields. He observed the pitiful conditions of the Indians and other colored people and also experienced it when on his way to Pretoria from Natal, he was thrown out of a train because he was the only colored person in the first class compartment. The case for which Gandhi had come to South Africa was between two businessmen, Abdullah Seth and Tyeb Seth, concerning a huge amount of money. Gandhi had to defend Abdullah Seth. He worked very hard and convinced Tyeb Seth for arbitration. Abdullah Seth won the arbitration andShow MoreRelatedColonialism Essay1701 Words   |  7 PagesMahatma Gandhi’s Hind Swaraj, Frantz Fanon’s Black Skin, White Masks; and Gillo Pontecorvo’s film, The Battle of Algiers each respond to different aspects of colonialism and anti-colonialism. Fanon focuses on t he effects colonialism has on the psyche of the colonized; Gandhi rejects western civilization and argues in favor of a non-violent approach to gaining independence; Pontecorvo’s film depicts revolutionaries and counter-revolutionaries using mostly violent means in an attempt to obtain victoryRead MoreEssay about Mohandas Ghandi1394 Words   |  6 Pageshis father, Kaba, was the chief Minister for the Maharaja of Porbandar, he and his family lived in a small house and belonged to a Hindu caste of merchants called banjas. As he grew, Mohandas became a small, shy and skinny boy, afraid of others opinions. He never spoke out, but although he was never a clever child, others were surprised by his gentleness. At the age of thirteen, he was married to Kastaurbai, a pretty yet strongwilled girl of the same caste. He would now live with his wife, insteadRead MoreSummary of Ghandi the Movie6362 Words   |  26 Pagesagainst British Rule. Through marches, demonstrations, and protest s, Gandhi was able to bring the attention of the world to India by displaying the atrocities of the British Empire and not reacting with violence. Although Indian Independence was Gandhis main goal, he had a hard time accepting the idea that Hindus and Muslims did not want to live together even after India had gained independence. The road in achieving India’s Independence was a long one for Gandhi; therefore, to fully understandRead MoreBritish Imperialism During The First War Of Indian Independence1502 Words   |  7 Pagesthe founding of the Indian National Congress (INC) in 1885 at Bombay. 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You must say somehow, I dont have   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  much money; I dont have muchRead MoreA Project Report on Customer Satisfaction of Maruti Suzuki7331 Words   |  30 Pagescohesive functional unit. The automotive industry is at the center of India’s new global dynamic. It plays major roles in retaining manufacturing industry growth over 12.5% per annum. The motivation behind the project was to gain clear understanding about marketing research. Through this project I have tried to understand the complexities involved in gathering of data for drawing inferences .The final objective is to produce a result that is accurate, useful, and free from bias and helps in the successful

Current Multi Payer System Of Health Care Essay - 2232 Words

INTRODUCTION Healthcare performance is strongly dependent on the economy, and on the health systems themselves. There are many debates on the type of health care system. Insurance companies are the crucial investor that is not only demanded but also an essential priority for most societies due to some of the complex challenges in the health system, in part derived from new pressures, such as ageing populations, growing prevalence of chronic illnesses, and intensive use of expensive yet vital health technologies (Frenk, J. 2004). Government has a diverse role in the health care system. However, based on the need and preference of majorities of American societies, a system with single government control in U.S, might not be effective and qualitative in long run. The present multi payer system is more effective in health care delivery. 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The integration behavioral and physical health services across the continuum of care provide a seamless care delivery system that offers patients a holistic care based on their psychosocial needs and diagnoses. Achieving a sustainable efficient and effective integrated care program requires multiple evaluation and modi fication of operational and administrative processesRead MoreU.s. Health Care System1329 Words   |  6 PagesHatfield August 10, 2015 The Canadian system is often considered the model for the U.S. health care system. Both countries health care systems are very different-Canada has a single-payer, mostly publicly-funded system, while the U.S. has a multi-payer, profoundly private system but both countries appear to be similar and suggesting that it might be possible that the U.S. to clone the Canadian health system. Much of the appeal of the Canadian system is that it seems to do more for less. Canada

Food Security in the Modern World changing market policies to address hunger Free Essays

The right to food is protected under international human rights and humanitarian law. It is recognized in the Universal Declaration on Human Rights and the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (ICESCR). As defined by the Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (Committee on ESCR) in its General Comment 12 â€Å"†¦ the right to adequate food is realized when every man, woman and child, alone and in community with others, has physical and economic access at all times to adequate food or means for its procurement† (General Comment 12, 1999, paragraph 6). We will write a custom essay sample on Food Security in the Modern World: changing market policies to address hunger or any similar topic only for you Order Now Israel produces 95% of its own food requirements, and has many advanced means of agriculture, which results in low poverty rates in the state. Diverse agricultural techniques are used for food production, and in irrigation alone there are four different methods. Farmers use technology to help them with livestock creating top quality produce, and small communities called Kibbutz help the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and raised amount in exports. There are multiple research facilities that help with agriculture techniques, such as the Agricultural Research Organization (ARO), whose job is to help the development of the Israeli agriculture by an efficient use of the limited water resources, development of crops for export markets, ensuring a decent income for the farming community, developing and adapting crops and technologies for newly settled regions without polluting the environment. Israel has also been sharing its agricultural expertise with many of countries since the late 1950s. MASHAV, the Center for International Cooperation of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, is active in Asia, Africa, the Mediterranean Basin, Eastern Europe and Latin America as well as several Middle Eastern countries. Agricultural projects and research collaboration constitute about half of Israel’s international cooperation programs. Emphasis is placed on training courses in agricultural subjects, with some 1,400 participants from over 80 countries attending specialized courses in Israel every year, and thousands of trainees receiving on-the-spot training in their own countries. Read also Analyze the Ways in Which British Imperial Policies Since 1958, thousands of Israeli agricultural experts have been sent abroad on long- and short-term assignments in countries such as Kenya, South Africa, China, Russia, Kazakhstan, Ukrain and Haiti. Hunger world-wide has had a high of 925 million in 2010 and had dropped by 10%. But with the recent rising food prices, the number of malnourished is growing once again pushing 68 million people under the World Bank’s extreme poverty line. This is defined as someone living on $1. 25 (U. S. ) a day. The World Bank’s quarterly report showed that the food price index has increased by 29% in the past year and is close to the peak reached in 2008, when soaring food prices sparked protests in dozens of countries. We are seeing this happen once again is countries such as Tunisia, Egypt, Libya and others. The result in the raised food prices is 44 million people living in dire poverty. This is about a 3% increase in the total number of people living in extreme poverty, which the World Bank calculates at about 1. billion. Israel can help countries who are having trouble with the food inflation. A strategy such as developing local markets and local communities so that people can grow their own food is one which Israel can help with. Some countries may even want to use the Israeli Kibbutz as a model if they so wish. With Israel’s abundant technology, we can offer help in that department, and can help with many different topographical locations as Israel has many itself. How to cite Food Security in the Modern World: changing market policies to address hunger, Essays

The Grapes of Wrath and Fiesta Essay Example

The Grapes of Wrath and Fiesta Paper In Ernest Hemingways Fiesta (The Sun Also Rises) we are given an account of life in Europe, after the devastation of World War I. The main characters are expatriates living in Europe after all suffering through the War. Both their identity and their lives have been affected; consequently forcing them to be categorised as the lost generation1. In John Steinbecks The Grapes of Wrath we follow the Joad family as they travel west in search of a new, more prosperous life. The journey reveals the difficulties of creating an ordered, fully functioning society. In contrast to the expatriates in Fiesta; the Joads migration can be categorised as an establishment of a new generation. That is to say, a new society built on ideals of individual success and prosperity, in western America. By exploring the major themes in both novels, we can see exactly what effects the First World War and westward migration have upon the main characters. Additionally, we can see how this relates to individual actions, and American society as a whole. In Fiesta, Hemingway presents us with a series of characters whose lives have been tragically altered by the effects of the First World War. We will write a custom essay sample on The Grapes of Wrath and Fiesta specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Grapes of Wrath and Fiesta specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The Grapes of Wrath and Fiesta specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The characters are described as expatriates by Hemingway. An expatriate is defined as a person who lives outside their native country. This term usually applies to people who have fled from their home nation for particular reasons. The characters in Fiesta have taken refuge in Paris and Hemingway focuses upon their exploits in the city. The war has affected each of the main characters uniquely and significantly. Our protagonist is Jake Barnes. He was tragically wounded in the War; which has left him impotent. Then we have our second main character, Brett Ashley, a member of the English aristocracy. She was a nurse during the war and her first love was killed. These two characters propel the novels main themes. Theyre losses have significantly affected the way they live their lives in Paris. In Steinbecks The Grapes of Wrath the Joad family leave their home in Oklahoma behind to fulfil their dreams of prosperity in the west. The Joad family suffers greatly during their search for happiness. The novel reveals the difficulties and corruption that existed during the formation of a western society. The Joads represent the innocent migrants, who were persecuted by a new, evolving society that expanded over the Great Plains. Halliday makes the link of the expatriates in Fiesta to the experiences of the Joad family: There are plains in many countries that could well serve as symbols of emptiness, desolation, disaster, and death- we have some in the American west. 2 Steinbeck criticises the glamorised perception that financial success is easily achievable in the west. For Steinbeck, only way you can achieve satisfaction in all areas, is after struggle and conflict. The Joads cope with their discrimination throughout by remaining united as a family. It is this method of survival and kindness that Steinbeck praises during the novel. The effects of the War have lead critics to label the main characters in Fiesta as members of a lost generation. Their losses are significant in influencing the way they lead their lives in Paris. Being members of a lost generation, suggests that they have actually lost their sense of identity. This means that their lives no longer have any direction. The novel concentrates on the meaningless excess the main characters associate themselves with in Paris. Their lavish lifestyles lead us to believe that there is no moral boundaries in the world Hemingway has created here. This is where we notice that gender roles have also been reversed. This is most evident with Jake and Brett. Jakes wound, has in a sense removed his masculinity. He cannot maintain a relationship because of his impotence. This makes him feel less of a man; Jakes impotence gives way to a society of sexual promiscuity where they live. There does not seem to be one successful relationship; even Robert Cohns relationship with Frances is spoiled. What Jake is left with, are the personal qualities of a woman. He becomes more interested in not being alone and has lost his control over his life and others. It is his inevitable frustration that makes us pity him: We thus find Jake Barness war-wound impotence a kind of metaphor for the whole atmosphere of sterility and frustration 3 Hemingway then uses Brett to show how gender roles are reversed in Fiesta. Brett also lost something during the war; Her own true love had just kicked off with dysentery. (p48) This is the only time that Brett has been in a meaningful relationship. With the loss of her fist love, Brett is no longer able to sustain a relationship built on love and trust. Hemingway reveals this by portraying Brett as a very masculine woman. Her hair is short, she is boyish and she refers to the men as chaps. She is the promiscuous character in the novel; and behaves like a man, intimidating others and playing with the opposite sex. Spilka claims that this is the reason why love is not evident in the novel: when men no longer command respect, and women replace their natural warmth with masculine freedom and mobility, there can be no serious love. 4 The exchange in gender roles creates an additional misdirection in the lives of the main characters; without a sense of their own sexuality, theyre can be no internal identification of self. By viewing the Joad family as the new generation, we can understand the significance of their rites of passage to the west. They are in a sense, on a pilgrimage to the Promised Land. It is necessary that tests must be passed during a pilgrimage; in order to achieve success and fulfilment. The entire journey is a search for new identity. They are no longer from Oklahoma; they have left it behind. Steinbeck has characters referring to the Joads as Okies throughout; nevertheless, all the migrants are united in the search for land and prosperity. They labour on the land but it is never fully theirs. We recognize that the Joads will only feel like westerners when theyre blood and sweat has spilled onto their own land. For a new generation to be born, the older generation must give way. This is indicated with the death of both grandparents during the journey to the west. The grandparents are unable in making the transition to a new area or identification of self. They are tied to the land in Oklahoma; it is particularly significant that Grandma dies on the border to the west. She knows she cannot survive the difficulties that will face the rest of the family. Her own death is the beginning of the Joads progression into a new generation. It is apparent throughout the novel, that the characters in Fiesta have no meaning or direction in their lives. Their days are filled with drinking, eating and dancing. Their lavish lifestyles have no structure, and they respect wealth. Count Mippipopolous is admired for his generosity and wealth. Brett only remains friends with him because of his generosity. His wealth represents his masculinity; Brett therefore admires him, while Jake cannot help but feel threatened: Isnt it wonderful, said Brett. We all have titles. Why havent you a title, Jake? (p68) The Count also comments on Bretts lifestyle: Youre always drinking my dear. (p70) Hemingway emphasises the extravagance of Brett and Jakes lifestyle, through the outside characters. Robert Cohn is the prime example; he wants to escape it all and go to South America. Jake does not want to join him and we get the sense that he is afraid to start his life over again after the life he leads created by the aftermath of the war. The fact that Jake is hesitant in going also represents his dependence on a life with no structure or direction. In The Grapes of Wrath the only figures who experience excess and luxury, are the wealthy farm owners. Steinbeck intentionally makes these characters anonymous; they are myths among the poor, oppressed workers in the west. Their wealth is in direct contrast to the poverty of the workers. The wealth of the farm owners is further increased due to the oppression of the labourers. Steinbeck makes a direct insult towards the wealthy who exploited the unskilled, western workforce. The Joads suffer to feed themselves and the feeling of injustice and subordination is reiterated during the Joads stay in the camps. The injustice of worker exploitation is linked with the theme of the overall lack of justice in The Grapes of Wrath. The government run camps are personifications of injustice. There seems to be no structure of law or moral order. Steinbeck reveals that those who control the social and economic structures of the west are the complete antithesis of legality and order. This is the cause of the Joads persecution. Wealth and injustice also link into the Joads conversion into a new genera tion. Chapter 7 is the most effective example in revealing how the Joads have not yet crossed over into a modern lifestyle. The car salesmen, however, are fast talking opportunists. They are out to exploit theyre customers; and the Joads are exploited throughout the text. Steinbeck is making the point that the modern, capitalist economy is dominated by greed and corruption: Watch the womans face. If the woman likes it we can screw the old man. (p68) It is a main theme throughout the novel that the Joads are representing the traditional, family values that Steinbeck believes America was built on. As the Joads struggle to survive in the exploitation and corruption of western capitalism; they are also struggling to promote their traditional values of kindness and togetherness: wenty families became one family, the children were the children of all. (p206) In Fiesta none of the characters offer any meaningful advice to each other. They are blunt and sometimes extremely cruel during their conversations. The only person who does not retaliate is Robert: I do not know how people could say such terrible things to Robert Cohn. (p59) Robert is different to the other char acters in the novel. He accepts the way the war has affected the others. He understands that they are incapable of being considerate to other peoples feelings. That is why he suffers so much humiliation. His life has not been so drastically been poisoned by the aftermath of the war. As Spilka reveals, Robert has been affected in a different way: it turns him into an armed romantic, a man who can damage others in defense of his own beliefs. 5 By distinguishing the difference between Robert and the other characters, we understand his role in the novel. He is envied by all the men, except Romero. When he is introduced it is always under formal circumstances; either as Robert Cohn or simply just Cohn. Jake especially admires his stubborn moral values and his ability to have an affectionate relationship with Frances. Linked to the exchange of gender roles in Fiesta; we see the effects this has on the characters sexually. For example, Jake Barnes picks up a prostitute early on in the novel. He does not intend to sleep with her because he is impotent; instead he takes her out to dinner and dancing. The fact that he is impotent is the most relevant here, he says he feels sick: She looked up to be kissed. She touched me with one hand and I put her hand away Whats the matter? You sick? Yes. (p21) His impotence has distanced him from women; therefore, rendering him unable to sustain a relationship or even feel sexually close to a woman ever again. The only woman he can clearly show his affections to is Brett. Unfortunately, Jake cannot rescue her from her promiscuity, because theyre relationship can never be sexual. Leslie Fielder argues that Brett can never be saved because of Jakes wound: In the end, not only are her physical lovers unmanned and degraded, but even Jake, who is her priest and is protected by his terrible wound, is humiliated. 6 The only man capable of redeeming Brett is Romero the bullfighter. This is because he is different to every man in the rest of the novel. He has not lost his masculinity in any way shape or form. He is respected as an aficionado and as a man. His relationship with Brett threatens her independent sexuality: He wanted me to grow my hair out. Me, with long hair He said it would make me more womanly. (p280) Romero is in a sense nai ve that he thinks he can change Brett; however, Brett is also unwilling to be freed from her sexual confinement into a meaningful relationship. In The Grapes of Wrath the mother is the leader of the family. She takes the role of the father as he gradually fades away into insignificance, to direct and inspire her family into persevering against discrimination. She is the foundation of the family; without her, we get the feeling that the family would not survive through its journey. Steinbeck describes her as a strong, muscular woman. As previously identified, both grandparents died before the family got to the west. There are many examples of death in the novel, yet there is only one distinct example of birth. Tied into the theme of birth, is the theme of motherhood. The only woman capable of both is Rose of Sharon. Towards the end of the novel, she gives birth to a stillborn child. This is extremely significant to the novels overall theme of the new generation. The birth of the child represents the familys success in converting to a new generation of westerners. The death of the old generation gives way for the new. Nevertheless, Steinbeck has the birth of the baby result in a death. This paradox reveals that the family has still not fully made its pilgrimage into the new generation. Rather than deal with the death as a disaster, the family continue on their journey, confident they will prevail. Steinbeck is showing the reader that even in death, there is hope; again linked with the death of the grandparents before the Joads reach the west. The ending of the novel has Rose of Sharon acting like a mother, sustaining life with her body. Our final thought is that the family will be sustained by the land, like Rose of Sharon preserving life with her natural instinct as a mother. In Fiesta and The Grapes of Wrath we are presented with two distinct generations struggling to define each other. To fully integrate the texts into one identification of self; we must look at the basis of each novel. In the epigraph to Fiesta Hemingway uses two phrases; one from Gertrude Stein and an extract from Ecclesiastes, in the Bible. Stein called the expatriates of the First World War the lost generation. While in Ecclesiastes, Hemingway uses the quote: One generation passeth away, and another generation commeth. The epigraph is important in revealing how Hemingway still believes there is hope for mans salvation and that the lost generation will be replaced. Similarly, in The Grapes of Wrath, Steinbeck insisted on including the full version of the Battle Hymn of the Republic in its first edition: Mine eyes have seen the glory of the coming Lord/ He is trampling out the vintage where the grapes of wrath are stored 7 Steinbeck believed it had great significance and portrayed all types of American identity. Both authors used these sources for the original titles of both novels. Fiesta is also known as The Sun Also Rises. Hemingway and Steinbeck are both making the point that man will find salvation against the persecution of society; and that the only form of life that will always remain is the earth. To conclude , we can see how both novels are linked in the search for identity and the salvation of man. Hemingway and Steinbeck criticise extravagance, because it fuels greed and corruption. It is the traditional values portrayed by Romero and the Joads, which will save mankind. This is shown in Fiesta, when during the mens fishing trip, Wilson-Harris confesses that Ive not had so much fun since the war Their break from the city into a rural setting; away from the excess and greed of Paris convinces them that they can still escape from the effects of the war. In The Grapes of Wrath the Joads search for their identity as a family, trampling out the seeds of wrath planted by the corruption of man in the west. We get the sense that all the characters will be saved from their oppression and that man will always have hope.